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volume 60, issue 6, may 2023
1. title: an economic geography perspective on city diplomacy
authors: jorn koelemaij, sam taveirne, ben derudder
abstract: city officials increasingly maintain relations with foreign stakeholders, both public and private, a practice that is generally referred to as city diplomacy. in the past, city diplomacy activities focused on bilateral cultural and knowledge exchanges. although this type of collaboration still exists, contemporary city diplomacy has become more dynamic and diverse, and increasingly includes an economic dimension. in addition, many cities currently prioritise becoming involved in a variety of multilateral inter-urban networks. despite wide-ranging conversations on the challenges and opportunities of these new types of city diplomacy, theoretical reflections regarding the underlying processes and the potential consequences remain largely absent from the literature. in this article, we argue that the city diplomacy literature can therefore be enriched by engaging with concepts and debates developed in economic geography in two main ways. we first elaborate on contemporary varieties of urban entrepreneurialism and the extent to which these correspond with city diplomacy practices. we argue that city diplomacy contains elements of both traditional entrepreneurialism and managerialism. second, we look at city diplomacy through the lens of uneven development, hypothesising that city diplomacy may entail a self-reinforcing effect in terms of enhancing socio-spatial differences between �superstar cities� and �places that do not matter� respectively.
2. title: displacement frames: how residents perceive, explain and respond to un-homing in black san francisco
authors: kimya loder, forrest stuart
abstract: few urban phenomena command as much attention as displacement. scholars continue to refine conceptualisations of displacement to more effectively capture its diversity in forms, scales and temporalities. recent research advocates a more inclusive conceptualisation, attuned to the processes of �un-homing� � that is, the more subtle, �non-catastrophic� forms of �slow violence� that rupture residents� phenomenological attachments to place and home. advocates of the un-homing approach call on researchers to develop the data and analytical frameworks necessary for capturing the perceptions and lived experiences of displacement from the perspective of longtime residents. this article develops one such analytical framework, which we refer to as displacement frames. building on the conceptual tools of cultural sociology, displacement frames are the evaluative schema through which residents make sense of, and act towards, the slow violence and micro-events of un-homing. drawing on 32 interviews with long-time black residents in san francisco�s rapidly gentrifying bayview hunters point neighbourhood, we identify three primary displacement frames: (1) displacement-by-design, (2) displacement-as-predation and (3) displacing-the-problem. as a product of residents� historical experiences, networks and housing tenure, these frames simplify complex (and often ambiguous) experiences into a coherent narrative about the primary causes, conditions and consequences of displacement. in turn, displacement frames influence how and to what extent residents attempt to resist, prevent or perhaps even accept and support local displacement.
3. title: capital�s welfare dependency: market failure, stalled regeneration and state subsidy in glasgow and edinburgh
authors: neil gray, hamish kallin
abstract: comparing case studies of long-term, large-scale urban regeneration projects in glasgow and edinburgh, scotland, this paper brings together two addendums to the rent gap model in the shape of the �reputational gap� and the �state subsidy gap�. these neologisms are mobilised to clarify the risk-laden centrality of the state�s role in both the formation and potential closure of rent gaps in large-scale areas of disinvestment and devalorisation. whilst such projects often appear as expressions of capital�s state-mediated extractive power over the built environment, we consider them as examples of capitalist failure or fragility � for even with striking levels of public subsidy to address �market failure� the land and property market has not been reinvigorated according to plan. this highlights the need, we argue, for further critical scrutiny of failed or stalled urban regeneration projects as a means of foregrounding the instability, rather than the omnipotence, of contemporary urban capitalism.
4. title: state preemption and affordable housing policy
authors: christopher b goodman, megan e hatch
abstract: many affordable housing policies are the domain of local governments. while subnational housing policies can be used to increase racial and economic segregation, they can also protect renters, and thus are not without controversy. local affordable housing policies include inclusionary zoning, rent control, short-term rental regulation and source of income discrimination. starting in the 1980s, states began to preempt these local laws, preventing their cities from adopting affordable housing policies. we ask why states choose to preempt one or more of these four affordable housing policies. using a cross-sectional, time-series dataset of preemptions, we find evidence that more conservative legislatures are more likely to adopt preemptions, while more professional legislatures and states with higher rental rates and previous preemptions are less likely to preempt. contrary to expectations, interest group density, electoral competition and policy diffusion are not significant predictors of preemption. for advocates and policymakers concerned with increasing affordable housing in their jurisdictions, these results raise unease about the ability to further an affordable housing agenda at the local level, particularly in more conservative political environments, suggesting instead that affordable housing may need to return to the purview of the federal government.
5. title: demystifying piped water supply: formality and informality in (peri)urban water provisioning
authors: vishal narain, sumit vij, timos karpouzoglou
abstract: water utilities have favoured the modern ideal of piped networks and infrastructure that is reproduced in policies and discourses about achieving ambitious water targets. in this article, using ethnographic insights from an urbanising village of new delhi called rawta, we build on work that challenges the myth of formal water as �piped� water and informal water as �non-piped� and explore both piped and non-piped water as dynamic and socially negotiated water regimes. we analyse how water regimes are shaped by complex constellations of formal and informal actors, institutions and technological practices. what constitutes piped water supply in rawta is in fact largely constituted by an elaborate informal network of underground pipes and water pumps laid down to realise very specific local water needs. we explore what this kind of informality means for drinking water supply in rapidly urbanising peripheries.
6. title: settlement in nanjing among chinese rural migrant families: the role of changing and persistent family norms
authors: shuangshuang tang, jing zhou, oana druta, xin li
abstract: after nearly four decades of rural�urban mobility in china, most rural-to-urban migrants are still in a disadvantaged position. nevertheless, an increasing number of them have started to pursue permanent settlements in urban destinations. despite many quantitative studies concerning their settlement outcomes, little is known about the strategies employed and processes undergone by families in realising their settlement plans. the permanent settlement of migrants usually requires the commitment of their extended intergenerational families. we investigate how changing and persistent family norms feature in decisions over settlement plans made by nuclear families of the younger generation of rural-to-urban migrant workers in a chinese megacity. building on face-to-face interviews in nanjing, we found reflections of individualism among the younger generation, such as a greater desire for personal fulfilment, stronger voices of wives in couples and the decline in filial obligation. the older generation also revealed certain aspects of individualism. they expressed rising concerns for their well-being and chose to accept the loss of authority in the plans to support adult children to settle down. under a child-centred logic, parental sacrifice has been persistent among younger and older generations. thus, difficulties encountered during urban settlement have transferred from the younger generation to their parents through parental sacrifice embedded in chinese confucian ideology. the exclusive urban housing and education systems, combined with the lack of care systems for children and the elderly, mediate these family norms.
7. title: the �medical city� and china�s entrepreneurial state: spatial production under rising consumerism in healthcare
authors: xuanyi nie
abstract: the role of hospitals has significantly changed over the past decades and the �medical city� has emerged as a new urban phenomenon in china. however, research on the significance of the medical city to china�s urbanism is limited. this paper situates china�s medical city in the theory of state entrepreneurialism and rethinks consumerism in healthcare. particularly focussing on the state�market and production�consumption dyads, the paper argues that the state has engineered the institutional and market legitimacy for the rise of consumerism in healthcare and allows the medical city to capitalise on the provision and consumption of high-end healthcare services to advance the healthcare reform and capture economic opportunities. this argument is substantiated by a case study on the shanghai new hongqiao international medical center, which focusses on the public�private partnerships in the medical city. it is found that while the production of the medical city is based on private sector participation, the state�s presence is diffused in the governance of the medical city through public�private partnerships, which reflect the characteristics of state entrepreneurialism. the findings add to the theory of china�s urbanism with new sets of materials and render important implications for the urban future in china.
8. title: ambivalent insurgencies: citizenship, land politics and development in hanoi and its periurban fringe
authors: gray brakke
abstract: this article examines the vietnamese state�s ambivalence towards insurgent assertions of urban citizenship in and around hanoi. in the 1980s and 1990s, it tolerated the lawbreaking construction of self-built housing in the city centre and eventually extended self-builders land use rights for their extralegal claims. in the 2000s and 2010s, however, the state violently cracked down on periurban villagers using insurgent strategies to resist the expropriation of their agricultural land for master-planned real estate developments. i suggest that the insurgency of self-builders precipitated a regime of graduated land use rights wherein the informal, extralegal claims of self-builders have been more respected than the formal, legal claims of periurban villagers. i ultimately argue that the state�s ambivalent responses to insurgency result from its pursuit of a materially shifting ideology of developmentalism. i also find that the success of insurgency derives from how the interests of citizens, the local state and the national state align and realign with one another.
9. title: changes in psychosocial wellbeing over a five-year period in two predominantly black pittsburgh neighbourhoods: a comparison between gentrifying and non-gentrifying census tracts
authors: alexandra mendoza-graf, rebecca l collins, madhumita ghosh dastidar, robin beckman, gerald p hunter, wendy m troxel, tamara dubowitz
abstract: gentrification often leads to changes within urban neighbourhoods. while redevelopment and investment may improve the built environment in gentrifying neighbourhoods, there may be disruptive impacts that affect health and wellbeing for existing residents. a growing body of literature explores the impact of gentrification on the psychosocial wellbeing of residents. this study sought to understand gentrification s effects on three aspects of psychosocial wellbeing in a random sample of predominantly black residents in two neighbourhoods in pittsburgh, pennsylvania (n = 662). residents were enrolled in 2011 and surveyed multiple times through 2018. we used american community survey data to create a tract-level measure of gentrification to categorise the 13 census tracts in the two neighbourhoods as gentrified or not gentrified between 2011 and 2018 and assessed whether gentrified tracts experienced predominantly white or black gentrification. we then estimated multivariate regression models to test associations between gentrification status and participant-level changes in perceived neighbourhood social cohesion, neighbourhood satisfaction and psychological distress, between 2013 and 2018. relative to participants living in non-gentrified tracts, we found those living in gentrified tracts (all of which were black gentrified) experienced smaller improvements in perceived neighbourhood social cohesion (coef. ="0.21, p = 0.005) and neighbourhood satisfaction (dy/dx = 0.12, p = 0.003). we found no statistically significant association between gentrification and changes in psychological distress. these results suggest that although gentrification may bring about needed resources in the community, further consideration should be given to help ensure any detrimental effects on social cohesion and neighbourhood satisfaction are mitigated.
10. title: centring the periphery in urban studies: notes towards a research agenda on peripheral centralities
authors: nicholas a phelps, paul j maginn, roger keil
abstract: based on presentations across two days as part of an urban studies foundation-funded seminar series, we elaborate a thematic agenda for considering the centrality of urban peripheries. we move beyond a typology of suburban centres to depict senses of peripheral centrality in terms of: their pervasiveness; their visibility across multiple scales; their underlying social relations; the agency exerted in their imagining and production, and the associated policy mobility.
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authors: margherita tess
abstract: the article reviews the book �the city and the super-organism: a history of naturalism in urban planning� by marco amati.
12. title: urban gardening as politics; urban climate politics: agency and empowerment
authors: tariro kamuti
abstract: the article reviews the book �urban gardening as politics; urban climate politics: agency and empowerment� by chiara tornaghi and chiara certom�.
13. title: reimagining sustainable cities: strategies for designing greener, healthier, more equitable communities
authors: keith pezzoli
abstract: the article reviews the book �reimagining sustainable cities: strategies for designing greener, healthier, more equitable communities� by stephen m. wheeler and christina d. rosan.
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